{"id":15422,"date":"2025-09-29T12:34:17","date_gmt":"2025-09-29T09:04:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/behinpolymerco.com\/yuksek-sicakliga-dayanikli-polietilen-pert\/"},"modified":"2026-06-10T13:44:18","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T10:14:18","slug":"yuksek-sicakliga-dayanikli-polietilen-pert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/behinpolymerco.com\/tr\/yuksek-sicakliga-dayanikli-polietilen-pert\/","title":{"rendered":"Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 polietilen (PERT)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00d6zet<\/h1>\n\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda uzun s\u00fcreli dayan\u0131m \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip polietilen malzemelerin i\u015flenebilirli\u011finin iyile\u015ftirilmesi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Etilenin 1-propen, 1-b\u00fcten, 1-heksen veya 1-okten gibi alfa-olefinlerle kopolimeri olan y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 polietilen (PE-RT), benzersiz bir molek\u00fcler yap\u0131 olu\u015fturur. PE-RT borular, ortam ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda i\u00e7 bas\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcksek direncin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra esneklik ve elveri\u015fli kimyasal ve mekanik \u00f6zellikler de sergiler. Bu nedenle, PE-RT \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7me suyu i\u00e7in 3 katmanl\u0131 ve 5 katmanl\u0131 borularda, so\u011fuk ve s\u0131cak su i\u00e7in bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 sistemlerde, \u0131s\u0131tma ve yerden so\u011futma sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n

Anahtar kelimeler: polietilen, PE-RT.<\/p>\n\n

girii\u015f<\/h2>\n\n

Boru \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan yeni malzemeler ve s\u00fcre\u00e7ler geli\u015fmeye devam ediyor; PE-RT, geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda uzun s\u00fcreli dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Is\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131na ek olarak daha b\u00fcy\u00fck boru boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu yerlerde, end\u00fcstriyel sistem tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 PE-RT borular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nermektedir. <\/p>\n\n

PE-RT’nin uyumlulu\u011fu ve \u00e7apraz ba\u011flamaya gerek kalmadan y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kullan\u0131labilme \u00f6zelli\u011fi, onu \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalar i\u00e7in uygun bir se\u00e7im haline getiriyor. PE-RT, etilen, okten, b\u00fcten veya heksan i\u00e7eren ve so\u011fuk ve s\u0131cak su transferlerinde kolayl\u0131kla kullan\u0131labilen bir polietilen kopolimeridir.<\/p>\n\n

Son y\u0131llarda, m\u00fckemmel fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri, a\u015f\u0131nmaya ve darbelere kar\u015f\u0131 direnci, ayr\u0131ca kolay imalat\u0131 ve montaj\u0131 ile PE-RT, \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6rleri, yerden \u0131s\u0131tma borular\u0131 ve s\u0131cak ve so\u011fuk su iletimi gibi uygulama alanlar\u0131nda ataktik polipropilen kopolimer (PPR), polib\u00fcten (PB), klorlu polivinil klor\u00fcr (PVC-C) ve \u00e7apraz ba\u011fl\u0131 polietilenin (PEX) yerini alabilmektedir. PE-RT, bimodal molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na sahip bir re\u00e7ine ile tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eekil (1), PE-RT’nin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m e\u011frisini g\u00f6stermektedir. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"\/
\u015eekil 1. PE-RT re\u00e7inesinin tek tepe ve \u00e7ift tepe da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Lamel kristal yap\u0131lar, Tie zincirleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla polimerin amorf k\u0131sm\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131r. Tie zincirlerinin olu\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, polimer zincirinin uzunlu\u011fuyla artar. Tie zincir molek\u00fclleri, polimerin kristal k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayarak tokluk, uzun s\u00fcreli s\u00fcr\u00fcnme ve ESCR gibi \u00f6zellikleri geli\u015ftirir. \u015eekil 2’de g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi gibi, Tie zincirleri y\u00fcksek hareketlili\u011fe ve genle\u015fmeye sahiptir, bu nedenle emilen enerjiyi kolayca serbest b\u0131rakabilirler. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"\/
\u015eekil 2. PE-RT borular\u0131n\u0131n molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

PE-RT, polietilene k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok say\u0131da y\u00fcksek molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 zincir i\u00e7erir. Uzun s\u00fcreli mukavemet, tokluk, s\u00fcneklik ve yorulma direnci, molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a iyile\u015fir. Bununla birlikte, daha y\u00fcksek molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, re\u00e7inenin i\u015flenmesini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bimodal teknoloji, geli\u015fmi\u015f ekstr\u00fczyon i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi ile birlikte y\u00fcksek molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 zincir say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. \u015eekil 3, k\u0131r\u0131lma dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve toklu\u011fun k\u0131sa zincir dallanma uzunlu\u011funun artmas\u0131yla artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Komonomer t\u00fcr\u00fc, Tie zincirinin konsantrasyonunu ve nihayetinde nihai \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn performans\u0131n\u0131 etkiler. 1-Okten, daha k\u0131sa olefinlerden daha etkilidir. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"\/
\u015eekil 3. Ba\u011f zincirlerinin polimer toklu\u011funa etkisi <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 ISO22391-2 standard\u0131na g\u00f6re, PE-RT borular i\u00e7in PE-RT malzemeleri I ve II olmak \u00fczere iki tipe ayr\u0131l\u0131r; bunlardan ikinci tip y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131 daha fazla diren\u00e7 g\u00f6sterir.PE-RT \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in iki ana y\u00f6ntem vard\u0131r: Dow Chemical taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen \u00e7\u00f6zelti polimerizasyonu ve Basell taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen bulama\u00e7 polimerizasyonu. PE-RT malzemeleri \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemlerle \u00fcretilebilse de, komonomerin t\u00fcr\u00fc, miktar\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar molek\u00fcler yap\u0131da ve performans\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klara neden olabilir. Bununla birlikte, PE-RT malzemeleri \u00fczerine \u00e7ok az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, komonomer tiplerinin, molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n molek\u00fcler yap\u0131y\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla, \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 PE-RT tipinin \u00f6zellikleri bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n

1) Erime indeksi 0,14 g olan etilen ve 1-b\u00fcten kopolimeri i\u00e7eren PERT (Tip II).<\/p>\n\n

2) Erime indeksi 0,7 g olan etilen ve 1-okten kopolimeri i\u00e7eren PERT (Tip I).<\/p>\n\n

3) Erime indeksi 0,55 g olan etilen ve 1-okten kopolimeri i\u00e7eren PERT (Tip II).<\/p>\n\n

Tablo 1. PE-RT numunelerinin mekanik \u00f6zellikleri <\/p>\n\n

\u00d6rnek<\/strong><\/td>akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 (MPa)<\/td>Gerinim sertli\u011fi mod\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong><\/td>E\u011filme mod\u00fcl\u00fc (MPa)<\/td><\/tr>
PE-RT-1<\/strong><\/td>16.2<\/strong><\/td>0.0525<\/strong><\/td>652<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
PE-RT-2<\/strong><\/td>10.2<\/strong><\/td>0.0463<\/strong><\/td>426<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
PE-RT-3<\/strong><\/td>15.2<\/strong><\/td>0.0575<\/strong><\/td>554<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

\u015eekil 4’te, SSA kullan\u0131larak molek\u00fcler zincirler \u00fczerindeki komonomer da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 incelenmi\u015ftir. SSA, farkl\u0131 uzunluklardaki kristalle\u015febilir segmentlerin eriyikte yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 bir ay\u0131rma i\u015flemidir. Zincir ne kadar uzun olursa, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda o kadar kal\u0131n lameller olu\u015fur. \u015eekil 4’te g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi, \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6rnek i\u00e7in sekiz erime zirvesi elde edilmi\u015f olup, s\u0131cakl\u0131k 1. zirveden 8. zirveye do\u011fru artmaktad\u0131r (\u015eekil 4). <\/p>\n\n

\"\"\/
\u015eekil 4. SSA y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131larak elde edilen erime diyagram\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Her e\u011fride birka\u00e7 tepe noktas\u0131 bulunmas\u0131, komonomerin molek\u00fcler zincir \u00fczerinde homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. PE-RT-2 ve 3-PE-RT e\u011frileri \u015fekil olarak benzerdir, ancak 3-PE-RT’deki ana erime tepe noktas\u0131 biraz daha y\u00fcksek bir s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa kaym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1-PE-RT’nin 133 \u00b0C’de bir tepe noktas\u0131 daha vard\u0131r. Tepe noktas\u0131 uyum sonucu, 1-PE-RT’nin 3-PE-RT’ye g\u00f6re daha d\u00fczenli molek\u00fcler zincirlere ve daha kal\u0131n lamellere sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. 3-PE-RT, 2-PE-RT’ye g\u00f6re daha kal\u0131n lamellere ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oranda ince lamellere sahiptir. <\/p>\n\n

\u00dc\u00e7 numunenin mekanik \u00f6zellikleri ve kristalle\u015fme kineti\u011fi incelenmi\u015ftir. Her ikisi de tip 2 olan ancak farkl\u0131 komonomerlerle \u00fcretilen 1-PE-RT ve 3-PE-RT, esas olarak farkl\u0131 komonomer da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle bir\u00e7ok performans \u00f6zelli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir. 1-PE-RT, 3-PE-RT’ye g\u00f6re daha iyi kristalle\u015fme \u00f6zelli\u011fine, daha y\u00fcksek e\u011filme mod\u00fcl\u00fcne ve akma dayan\u0131m\u0131na sahiptir. 1-PE-RT’nin komonomerlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu molek\u00fcler zincir \u00fczerinde homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda Tie zinciri olu\u015ftururken, komonomerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 k\u0131sa zincirli molek\u00fcllerde homojen olarak da\u011f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu da ona daha iyi kristalle\u015fme yetene\u011fi kazand\u0131r\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, 1-PE-RT daha y\u00fcksek mod\u00fcle ve daha iyi uzun vadeli performansa sahiptir. 3-PE-RT, 1-PE-RT’den biraz daha iyi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 1-PE-RT kadar iyi sertli\u011fe ve uzun vadeli performansa sahip de\u011fildir. <\/p>\n\n

Ayn\u0131 komonomere sahip 3-PE-RT ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 2-PE-RT daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kristalli\u011fe, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck e\u011filme mod\u00fcl\u00fcne ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck akma dayan\u0131m\u0131na sahiptir; bu da PE-RT-2’nin ESCR de\u011ferinin 3 numaral\u0131 numuneye g\u00f6re daha iyi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n

PE-RT boru \u00f6zellikleri<\/h2>\n\n

PE-RT, komonomer da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ayarlanarak s\u0131cak ve so\u011fuk su boru sistemlerinde darbelere, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ve bas\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcksek diren\u00e7 sa\u011flayan, etilenin bir alfa-olefin (eten, okten, heksan veya b\u00fcten) ile kopolimeridir.<\/p>\n\n

1. PE-RT boru UV \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131na ve oksijene kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

2. PE-RT boru termal kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa sahiptir ve uzun s\u00fcreli bas\u0131nca dayanabilir. 70 santigrat derece s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve 0,4 MPa bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda boru 50 y\u0131ldan fazla kullan\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n

3. PE-RT boru y\u00fcksek esnekli\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fundan ekonomiktir. PE-RT borunun b\u00fckme yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr (Rn=5D) ve b\u00fck\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra eski haline d\u00f6nmez, bu da b\u00fckme k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki gerilimi azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in in\u015faatta kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in idealdir. <\/p>\n\n

4. PE-RT boru darbelere dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r ve k\u0131r\u0131lma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir s\u0131cakl\u0131ktad\u0131r (-70 santigrat derece), bu nedenle PE-RT boru d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda ta\u015f\u0131nabilir ve kullan\u0131labilir ve b\u00fck\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131ya ihtiya\u00e7 duymaz.<\/p>\n\n

\u015eekil 5, PE-RT borunun PE4710’a k\u0131yasla \u00e7atlak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine kar\u015f\u0131 20 kattan daha fazla diren\u00e7li oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n

\"pert-5-\"
\u015eekil 5. Yava\u015f \u00e7atlak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7 (ASTM F1473). <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

5. Is\u0131 f\u00fczyon ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, PE-RT boru i\u00e7in \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kurulumunu ve onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131labilir. Yerden \u0131s\u0131tma boru sisteminde, sistem d\u0131\u015f kuvvet nedeniyle hasar g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, PE-RT boru \u0131s\u0131 f\u00fczyonu ile onar\u0131labilir; bu daha kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131, daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha g\u00fcvenlidir.6. PE-RT boru, \u00e7apraz ba\u011flama i\u015flemi olmadan \u00fcretilebilir. PE-RT borunun i\u015flenmesi kolayd\u0131r ve duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 homojendir. <\/p>\n\n

PE-RT boruyu neden tercih etmelisiniz?<\/h2>\n\n

PE-RT borular, farkl\u0131 yerler aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki suyu ta\u015f\u0131yabilir. Borular\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Hafif ve ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 kolay<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Ak\u0131\u015f kapasitesi metal boruya g\u00f6re %30 daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 \u00c7evre dostu ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Borunun \u00fcretiminde zehirli yard\u0131mc\u0131 maddeler kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Esnektir ve daha az eklem gerektirir. PE-RT, \u0131s\u0131tma ve so\u011futma sistemlerinin gerektirdi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131larda b\u00fck\u00fclebilecek kadar esnektir. <\/p>\n\n

\u2022 \u00c7atlak olu\u015fumuna kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcksek diren\u00e7<\/p>\n\n

\"\"\/
\u015eekil 6. PE-RT borular\u0131 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/h2>\n\n

PE-RT, komonomer da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ayarlanarak s\u0131cak ve so\u011fuk su boru sistemlerinde darbelere, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ve bas\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcksek diren\u00e7 sa\u011flayan, etilenin bir alfa-olefin (eten, okten, heksan veya b\u00fcten) ile kopolimeridir.<\/p>\n\n

Derleyen: Marzieh Shams HarandiBilimsel Edit\u00f6r: Samin Saleki<\/p>\n\n

Kaynaklar<\/h3>\n\n

1. H. W. Long, Advanced Applications for HDPE Pipe with New PE-RT Material, 2017, 1-5.2. D. Schramm, M. Jeruzal, PE-RT, A New Class of Polyethylen for Industrial Pipes, The Dow Chemical Company.3. Z. Chao, B. Zhao, L. Ding, D. Zhang, F. Yang, M. Xiang. Influence of comonomer distribution on crystallization kinetics and performance of polyethylene of raised temperature resistance. Polymer International 68(10) 2019, 1748-1758. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6zet Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda uzun s\u00fcreli dayan\u0131m \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip polietilen malzemelerin i\u015flenebilirli\u011finin iyile\u015ftirilmesi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 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